Cell wallA rigid covering outside the plasma membrane that protects the cell, supports it and gives it its shape. In plants it is built mainly of cellulose, a long chain of glucose units.
Plasma membrane (cell membrane)A phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. It controls what passes into and out of the cell: water, ions, oxygen, organic molecules and wastes such as carbon dioxide.
CytoplasmEverything between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope: organelles suspended in gel-like cytosol, plus the cytoskeleton. It is 70 to 80 percent water, and many reactions, protein synthesis included, happen here.
NucleusUsually the most prominent organelle in the cell. It houses the cell's DNA and directs the making of ribosomes and proteins.
RibosomesComplexes of RNA and protein, each made of a large and a small subunit, that build proteins by reading messenger RNA. Some float free in the cytoplasm and others sit on the rough ER.
MitochondrionAn oval organelle with two membranes. The inner one is folded into cristae, and ATP, the cell's main energy-carrying molecule, is made on it during cellular respiration. Mitochondria have their own DNA and ribosomes.
ChloroplastWhere photosynthesis happens: carbon dioxide, water and light energy become glucose and oxygen. Inside, stacks of thylakoids called grana sit in a fluid called stroma. Chlorophyll, a green pigment, captures the light.
Central vacuoleA large sac that occupies most of the cell's volume and regulates the cell's water concentration. Full, it presses outward and supports the cell wall. When it loses water it shrinks, the wall is left unsupported and the plant wilts.
Only in plant cells 4
Middle lamellaA pectin-rich layer that cements the walls of neighboring plant cells together. It is the first layer laid down when a plant cell divides, and it grows out of the cell plate.
Plasmodesmata (cell-to-cell channels)Channels that pass through the walls of adjacent plant cells and connect their cytoplasm, so water and small molecules can move from cell to cell. A single channel is a plasmodesma.
Amyloplast (starch-storing plastid)A colorless plastid that makes and stores starch. Amyloplasts occur in roots and storage tissues and can turn into chloroplasts, which is why a potato tuber left in the light turns green.
Tonoplast (vacuole membrane)The membrane around the vacuole, also called the vacuolar membrane. It separates the cell sap inside from the cytoplasm and regulates the movement of ions between the two.
Boundary and support 1
CytoskeletonA network of protein fibers (microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules) that helps the cell keep its shape, holds some organelles in position and gives vesicles tracks to move along.
Nucleus 4
Nuclear envelope (nuclear membrane)Two membranes, each a phospholipid bilayer, that form the outermost part of the nucleus. The envelope is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum.
Nuclear porePores in the nuclear envelope control the passage of ions, molecules and RNA between the inside of the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Ribosomal subunits leave the nucleus through them.
NucleolusA darkly staining region inside the nucleus where ribosomal RNA is joined with proteins to build ribosomal subunits, which then leave through the nuclear pores.
ChromatinDNA with the proteins attached to it. While the cell grows, the chromosomes are unwound and look like a jumbled bunch of threads. They show up as separate chromosomes only when the cell prepares to divide.
Making and shipping proteins 4
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)Ribosomes on its surface give it a studded look. They pass new proteins into its hollow inside, the lumen, where the proteins are folded and modified. It also makes phospholipids for the cell's membranes.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER)Continuous with the rough ER but with few or no ribosomes on its surface. It makes lipids and carbohydrates, stores calcium ions and detoxifies poisons.
Golgi apparatus (Golgi body)Flattened membrane sacs that sort, tag, package and ship the lipids and proteins that arrive from the ER. In a plant cell it also makes polysaccharides, some of which are built into the cell wall.
VesicleA small membrane-bound sac that carries cargo. Transport vesicles bud from the ER and fuse with the Golgi apparatus. Others leave the Golgi, fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents outside the cell.
Energy, storage and cleanup 1
PeroxisomeA small, round organelle with a single membrane. It breaks down fatty acids and amino acids and detoxifies poisons. Its enzymes split the hydrogen peroxide these reactions release into water and oxygen.
How this list was compiled: Part names and every detail line were checked, for facts only and with nothing copied, against OpenStax Biology 2e, read 2026-09-19: section 4.3 Eukaryotic Cells, https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/4-3-eukaryotic-cells (plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, nuclear envelope and pores, chromatin, nucleolus, ribosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, vesicles and vacuoles, cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole, and which parts plant cells have that animal cells lack); section 4.4 The Endomembrane System and Proteins, https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/4-4-the-endomembrane-system-and-proteins (rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, vesicles); section 4.5 The Cytoskeleton, https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/4-5-the-cytoskeleton; section 4.6 Connections between Cells and Cellular Activities, https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/4-6-connections-between-cells-and-cellular-activities (plasmodesmata); and, for where chloroplast-containing cells sit in a plant, section 8.1 Overview of Photosynthesis, https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/8-1-overview-of-photosynthesis. Three parts that OpenStax does not name were checked on Wikipedia, read 2026-09-19: tonoplast and cell sap, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuole; amyloplast, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloplast; middle lamella, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_lamella. The five parts named for middle school come from the clarification statement of NGSS performance expectation MS-LS1-2, https://www.nextgenscience.org/pe/ms-ls1-2-molecules-organisms-structures-and-processes, read 2026-09-19. Labels, hints, detail lines, groups and position notes were written for this site. Licence: own work
The drawing: Drawn for this site, 2026-09-19. Own original line drawing, nothing traced or copied. Looked at for accuracy only, text read 2026-09-19, no picture opened: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_cell, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuole, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_lamella, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmodesma, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_apparatus, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylakoid, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoskeleton, and Cooper, The Cell, 2nd edition, on the Golgi apparatus (NCBI Bookshelf) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9838/, plus the part list and layout brief in this dataset. Licence: own work
How it works
This plant cell diagram is a cross section of one cell with 22 numbered parts, from the cell wall to the tonoplast. Tap the part that is named, or name the ring that lights up. A simple set of 8 suits younger grades, and the drawing prints blank or labeled.
Read the full guide
Label the parts of a plant cell
Find it names a part and you tap its ring. Name it lights a ring, with 4 choices or a text box under Type it. Cell membrane counts for plasma membrane. For a simple plant cell diagram, choose the group Simple: 8 core parts.
Parts of a plant cell and their functions
In Study, a tapped part lights up with a line on what it does. Study writes every name on the drawing, and the same 22 lines sit under the quiz. Making and shipping proteins runs from a ribosome through the rough ER and the Golgi apparatus to a vesicle. Boundary and support runs from the middle lamella to the cytoskeleton. After a round, press Practise the 3 you missed.
Chloroplast and mitochondrion both have two membranes, so look inside: stacked discs mean chloroplast, and a folded inner lining means mitochondrion.
Outward from the vacuole, the layers run tonoplast, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, cell wall, middle lamella.
Rough ER is studded with ribosomes and joins the nuclear envelope. Smooth ER carries on from it as plain tubes.
Questions and answers
Which parts does a 6th or 7th grade plant cell diagram need?
Usually the simple 8: cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, central vacuole, chloroplast, mitochondrion and ribosomes. They include the five parts that the middle school life science standard MS-LS1-2 names. Class 7 and class 8 can start there too. For class 9 or grade 9, take all 22. Your teacher's list comes first.
Is there a blank plant cell diagram to label?
Print blank gives an unlabeled plant cell diagram with rings numbered 1 to 22 and an answer line for each. Print labelled fills in the names, so it is the worksheet answer key. For a PDF, choose Save as PDF when printing. Both print as black and white line art, so the blank one doubles as a coloring sheet.
Why are there no lysosomes or centrioles?
An open college biology textbook lists lysosomes and the centrosome, which holds the centrioles, among parts animal cells have and most plant cells lack, so both are on the animal cell diagram. This drawing is a composite. Amyloplasts sit in roots and storage tissue and chloroplasts mostly in leaf cells, so no real cell shows all 22.