How it works
Here is the endoplasmic reticulum not labeled. The upper drawing is the whole organelle beside its nucleus; the lower is two flattened sacs and a branching tube, enlarged. Ten lines lead off, five from each drawing.
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Endoplasmic reticulum, no label: the ten names
Upper drawing: rough ER, smooth ER, nuclear envelope, transport vesicle and Golgi apparatus. Lower drawing: ribosomes, cisterna, ER lumen, ER membrane and tubule.
Where the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is
It is the net of plain tubes at the lower right of the upper drawing, and the line above it takes smooth ER. The dotted, curved sacs beside the nucleus are rough ER, the double ring is the nuclear envelope, a small bubble is a transport vesicle and the plain stack is the Golgi apparatus. Below, a bead is a ribosome and the whole upper sac a cisterna. The cut sac shows the ER membrane as its wall and the ER lumen as the slot inside. The branching tube is a tubule.
- Smooth ER and tubule name one structure at two sizes: the whole net above, one tube of it below.
- The blob inside the nucleus is the nucleolus, and the arrow shows which way the vesicles travel. Neither takes a name.
- A sheet that asks for the SER and the RER means the smooth and the rough ER.
Questions and answers
Is the smooth ER separate from the rough ER?
No. The two are one organelle: the tubules of the smooth ER run on from the sacs of the rough ER and share one lumen. That is why this unlabeled diagram of smooth endoplasmic reticulum shows both.
What does the smooth ER do?
It makes lipids, phospholipids and steroids, and it takes part in the metabolism of carbohydrates and in detoxification.
Which cells have a lot of smooth ER?
In most cells it is scarce. It is especially abundant in mammalian liver cells, and in cells that secrete lipids and steroids, such as those of the sebaceous glands.
Is the sarcoplasmic reticulum a smooth ER?
Yes. It is the smooth ER of a muscle cell. It stores calcium ions and pumps them out when the muscle fiber is stimulated. It is not drawn on this sheet.
Do all cells have an endoplasmic reticulum?
Most eukaryotic cells have one. Red blood cells and sperm cells lack it.