Cephalic region (head)Cephalic is the regional term for the whole head. It combines the cranial region, the upper part of the head, and the facial region below it.
Cervical region (neck)Cervical means of the neck. The seven vertebrae of the neck carry the same name, the cervical vertebrae.
Thoracic region (chest)Thoracic means of the chest. The same word names the cavity inside it, the twelve vertebrae behind it and the cage of ribs around it.
Abdominal region (abdomen)The front of the trunk below the chest. To say where a pain or a mass lies, health care providers divide it into nine regions or into four quadrants.
Brachial region (upper arm)The arm from the shoulder to the elbow. Brachium is the anatomical word for it. It is proximal to the forearm.
Antecubital region (front of elbow)The front of the elbow. The back of the same joint, over its bony point, is the olecranal region.
Antebrachial region (forearm)The forearm, from the elbow to the wrist. Antebrachium is the anatomical word for it. It is distal to the brachium, the upper arm.
Carpal region (wrist)Carpal means of the wrist. Eight small carpal bones lie under this region.
Femoral region (thigh)Runs from the hip to the knee. Femur is the anatomical name of the thigh as well as of its one bone.
Patellar region (front of knee)The front of the knee, named for the patella, the kneecap. The back of the same joint is the popliteal region.
Crural region (lower leg)The leg between the knee and the ankle. Crus is the anatomical word for it. The crus is distal to the femur, the thigh.
Pedal region (foot)Pedal means of the foot. The sole of the foot has its own name, the plantar region.
Lumbar region (lower back)The lower back. The five lumbar vertebrae lie under it. The upper back above it is the dorsal region.
Gluteal region (buttock)The buttock. The gluteus maximus lies under it. It is the largest of the three gluteal muscles.
Popliteal region (back of knee)The back of the knee. In the language of direction, the popliteal region is posterior to the patella.
Sural region (calf)The back of the lower leg, the calf. The gastrocnemius, the most superficial muscle of the calf, gives it its shape.
Ch. 1 Directional terms 8
Superior (cranial)Above, or toward the head. The eye sockets are superior to the mouth.
Inferior (caudal)Below, or toward the tail end of the trunk. The pelvis is inferior to the abdomen.
LateralThe side, or toward the side of the body. The thumb is lateral to the other digits of the hand.
MedialThe middle, or toward the middle of the body. The big toe, the hallux, is the medial toe.
ProximalIn a limb, nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk. The upper arm is proximal to the forearm.
DistalIn a limb, farther from the point of attachment or the trunk. The lower leg is distal to the thigh.
Anterior (ventral)The front, or toward the front of the body. The toes are anterior to the rest of the foot.
Posterior (dorsal)The back, or toward the back of the body. The back of the knee is posterior to the kneecap.
Ch. 1 Body planes 3
Sagittal planeA vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sides. When it runs down the midline, as it does here, it is the midsagittal or median plane.
Frontal plane (coronal plane)Vertical plane dividing the body into anterior (front) and posterior (rear) portions.
Transverse plane (horizontal plane)A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions. The images it produces are called cross sections.
Ch. 1 Body cavities 6
Cranial cavityThe space inside the skull that houses the brain. With the vertebral cavity it forms the posterior (dorsal) body cavity.
Vertebral cavity (spinal cavity)The narrow cavity inside the vertebral column that encloses the spinal cord. It runs down from the cranial cavity.
Thoracic cavityThe upper part of the anterior (ventral) body cavity. The rib cage encloses it. It contains the lungs and, in the mediastinum between them, the heart.
DiaphragmA sheet of muscle that forms the floor of the thoracic cavity. It separates that cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity below.
Abdominal cavityThe upper part of the abdominopelvic cavity, the body's largest cavity. It houses the digestive organs. No membrane divides it from the pelvic cavity below.
Pelvic cavityThe lower part of the abdominopelvic cavity. It is funnel shaped, lies below and in front of the abdominal cavity, and houses the organs of reproduction.
Ch. 3 Cell 8
Cell membrane (plasma membrane)Separates the inner contents of the cell from its surroundings. The boundary of the cell, made mostly of a double layer of phospholipids with proteins set in it.
NucleusThe cell's control center: it stores the genetic instructions for making proteins. The largest organelle. A double membrane, the nuclear envelope, surrounds it.
NucleolusMakes the RNA needed to build ribosomes. A region inside the nucleus.
MitochondrionA bean-shaped organelle with a folded inner membrane. It converts the energy stored in nutrient molecules into ATP, the form of energy a cell can spend.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)Sheets of membrane dotted with ribosomes. The endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the nuclear envelope, and the rough part is where proteins are made.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER)Membrane tubules with no ribosomes on them. Smooth ER makes phospholipids, the main component of membranes, and steroid hormones.
Golgi apparatusA stack of flattened discs of membrane. It sorts, modifies and ships the products that come from the rough ER.
LysosomeA small sac of enzymes. It breaks down and digests cell parts that are no longer needed, such as a damaged organelle.
Ch. 5 Skin 7
EpidermisThe outer layer of the skin, made of keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium. It has no blood vessels of its own.
DermisThe thick layer under the epidermis, two layers of connective tissue. It holds blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles and sweat glands.
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)Loose connective tissue and fat directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the tissue around bones and muscles, stores fat, insulates and cushions.
Hair follicleA tube of epidermis that dips down into the dermis. The hair grows from the hair bulb at its deep end.
Sebaceous gland (oil gland)An oil gland, in most cases joined to a hair follicle. Its sebum lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair.
Eccrine sweat gland (sudoriferous gland)A coiled gland deep in the dermis. Its duct rises to a pore on the skin surface. Its watery sweat cools the body.
Arrector pili muscleA small band of smooth muscle joined to the hair follicle. When it contracts, the hair stands up and the skin shows goose bumps.
Ch. 6 Long bone 7
Epiphysis (end of the bone)The wider section at each end of a long bone. It is filled with spongy bone, and red marrow fills the spaces in it.
Diaphysis (shaft)The tubular shaft that runs between the two ends of the bone. Its walls are dense compact bone, and the hollow inside it is the medullary cavity.
Articular cartilageCovers the epiphysis where it meets another bone. A thin layer of cartilage that reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber.
Spongy bone (cancellous bone)A lattice of thin bony spikes called trabeculae. The spaces make the bone lighter, and in some bones they hold red marrow, where blood cells form.
Epiphyseal lineThe mark left by the epiphyseal plate, the growth plate. When the bone stops growing, at about 18 to 21 years, bone replaces the cartilage of the plate.
Medullary cavity (marrow cavity)The hollow region inside the diaphysis. In an adult it is filled with yellow marrow.
PeriosteumFibrous membrane covering the bone's outer surface except at the joint surfaces. It carries blood vessels and nerves. Tendons and ligaments attach to it.
Ch. 7-8 Skeleton 12
Cranium (skull)The skeleton of the head. It supports the face and protects the brain. An adult skull has 22 bones. The mandible is the only one that moves.
RibsTwelve pairs, anchored at the back to the 12 thoracic vertebrae. With the sternum and the costal cartilages they form the thoracic cage, which protects the heart and lungs.
Humerus (upper arm bone)The single bone of the upper arm. Its rounded head meets the scapula at the shoulder, and its lower end meets the radius and ulna at the elbow.
RadiusThe forearm bone on the lateral side, the side of the thumb.
UlnaThe forearm bone on the medial side. Its olecranon process forms the bony tip of the elbow.
Tibia (shin bone)The larger, medial bone of the leg. It carries the weight of the body and is the second longest bone, after the femur.
Clavicle (collarbone)An S-shaped bone and the only long bone that lies horizontally. It is the most commonly fractured bone in the body.
Sternum (breastbone)Three parts from top to bottom: manubrium, body and xiphoid process.
Vertebral column (spine)Twenty-four vertebrae: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic and 5 lumbar. Plus the sacrum and the coccyx.
Hip bone (coxal bone)Three bones that fuse into one: the ilium, ischium and pubis. They meet at the acetabulum, the deep socket for the head of the femur.
Femur (thigh bone)The single bone of the thigh. It is the longest and strongest bone of the body.
FibulaThe slender bone on the lateral side of the leg. It does not bear weight.
Ch. 11 Muscles 10
DeltoidThe thick muscle that creates the rounded line of the shoulder. It is the major abductor of the arm, the muscle that lifts it out to the side.
Biceps brachiiA two-headed muscle on the front of the upper arm. It flexes the forearm at the elbow.
Pectoralis major (chest muscle)Covers much of the upper part of the front of the chest. A thick, fan-shaped muscle.
Rectus abdominis (the sit-up muscle)A pair of long, straight muscles. One lies each side of the linea alba, the white band down the midline. Three bands of collagen fibers cross each one, which gives the look of a six-pack.
Quadriceps femoris group (quads)Four muscles on the front of the thigh. They extend and stabilize the knee. They are rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and vastus intermedius.
TrapeziusA broad muscle of the neck and upper back. It is one of the posterior muscles that position the pectoral girdle. It runs from the skull and the vertebral column to the scapula and the clavicle.
Triceps brachiiThe muscle on the back of the upper arm. It extends the forearm at the elbow, the opposite action to the biceps brachii.
Gluteus maximusThe largest of the three gluteal muscles. The gluteus medius lies under it and the gluteus minimus under that.
Hamstring group (hamstrings)Three muscles on the back of the thigh that flex the knee. They are biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus.
Gastrocnemius (calf muscle)The most superficial and visible muscle of the calf. The soleus lies under it, and both pull on the heel through the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon.
Ch. 13 Brain 8
Frontal lobeThe part of the cerebrum in front of the central sulcus. Its rearmost fold, the precentral gyrus, is the primary motor cortex, which sends out commands for movement.
Parietal lobeThe part of the cerebrum behind the central sulcus. It processes the body senses, such as touch, which together are called somatosensation.
Temporal lobeThe part of the cerebrum below the lateral sulcus. It is where sounds are first processed, and it has a part in memory.
Occipital lobeThe rear part of the cerebrum. It is where visual information is first processed.
CerebellumThe name means little brain. It compares the movement commands from the cerebrum with feedback from the body and sends back corrections.
PonsThe middle region of the brain stem. It lies between the midbrain above and the medulla below. It is the main connection with the cerebellum.
Medulla oblongataThe lowest part of the brain stem. It continues into the spinal cord. With the pons it regulates the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Spinal cordWith the brain it makes up the central nervous system. It runs down from the brain stem inside the vertebral column.
Ch. 17 Endocrine glands 6
HypothalamusA brain region below and slightly in front of the thalamus. With the pituitary gland it forms the command center of the endocrine system.
Pituitary gland (hypophysis)A bean-sized gland hanging from the hypothalamus on a stalk, the infundibulum. It rests in a hollow of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica.
Pineal glandA tiny gland below and a little behind the thalamus. It secretes melatonin, and it makes more as the light fades in the evening.
Thyroid glandA butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck. It lies in front of the trachea, just below the larynx.
ThymusAn organ between the sternum and the aorta. It is larger and more active in infancy and early childhood, and it produces thymosins, hormones that help T cells develop.
Adrenal glands (suprarenal glands)A wedge of tissue on top of each kidney. Each one has an outer cortex of glandular tissue and an inner medulla of nervous tissue.
Ch. 19 Heart 8
Right atriumThe receiving chamber for blood that returns from the body. The superior and inferior venae cavae empty into it.
Right ventriclePumps blood that is low in oxygen into the pulmonary trunk. The trunk leads toward the lungs.
Left atriumReceives blood rich in oxygen from the lungs through the pulmonary veins. It passes the blood to the left ventricle.
Left ventricleIt pumps blood into the aorta and on to the whole body. Its muscle is much thicker than that of the right ventricle.
Tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve)The valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It typically has three flaps.
Mitral valve (bicuspid valve)At the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle. Also called the left atrioventricular valve. It has two cusps.
AortaGreat artery carrying blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circuit. Blood enters it through the aortic semilunar valve.
Pulmonary trunkThe vessel that leaves the right ventricle. It splits into the left and right pulmonary arteries. After birth these are the only arteries that carry blood low in oxygen.
Ch. 22 Respiratory system 6
Nasal cavityThe air space behind the nose. The nasal septum splits it into left and right halves. Its moist lining warms and humidifies the incoming air.
Pharynx (throat)A tube of skeletal muscle. Its lining is continuous with that of the nasal cavity. It has three regions from top to bottom: nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
Larynx (voice box)A structure of cartilage that connects the pharynx to the trachea. It holds the vocal cords. A flap at its top, the epiglottis, covers the opening of the trachea during swallowing.
Trachea (windpipe)The tube that runs from the larynx toward the lungs. It is built from 16 to 20 stacked, C-shaped pieces of hyaline cartilage.
Primary bronchi (main bronchi)The two branches of the trachea, one to each lung. They divide at a raised ridge called the carina.
LungsThe right lung has three lobes and the left lung has two. The left lung is smaller, and a hollow in it, the cardiac notch, makes room for the heart.
Ch. 23 Digestive system 7
EsophagusA muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. It passes through the diaphragm at an opening called the esophageal hiatus.
LiverThe largest gland in the body. It lies under the diaphragm, mostly on the right side of the body, and its part in digestion is to produce bile.
StomachMixes food with digestive juices until it becomes a paste called chyme. A pouch that links the esophagus to the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.
GallbladderA small sac tucked under the liver. It stores, concentrates and releases bile.
PancreasA soft gland that lies across the body behind the stomach. Its head is in the curve of the duodenum. It makes pancreatic juice. Its islets make insulin and glucagon.
Small intestineThe main organ of digestion and absorption. It is the longest part of the alimentary canal. Its three regions are the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum.
Large intestineIt runs around the small intestine like a frame. Its four main regions are the cecum, the colon, the rectum and the anus, and its work is to finish absorbing water and to form feces.
Ch. 25 Urinary system 7
KidneyFilters the blood and makes urine. One lies on each side of the spine, behind the lining of the abdominal cavity. It is partly protected by the eleventh and twelfth ribs.
UreterThe tube that carries urine from a kidney to the bladder. The urine does not simply drain down it. Waves of muscle contraction push it along.
Urinary bladderThe sac that collects urine from both ureters. It stores the urine until it is released.
UrethraThe tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body.
Renal cortexThe outer region of the kidney. Extensions of it, the renal columns, run down between the pyramids of the medulla.
Renal medullaThe inner region of the kidney. Its most recognizable features are the renal pyramids and the renal papillae, bundles of collecting ducts that carry urine to the calyces.
Renal pelvisThe funnel at the hilum of the kidney. It gathers the urine from the calyces and narrows to become the ureter.
How this list was compiled: Names, positions and the one-line facts were checked on 2026-09-19 against OpenStax, Anatomy and Physiology 2e (Betts and others, Rice University, published 20 April 2022, https://openstax.org/details/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e), in these sections: https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/1-6-anatomical-terminology, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/3-1-the-cell-membrane, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/3-2-the-cytoplasm-and-cellular-organelles, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/3-3-the-nucleus-and-dna-replication, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/5-1-layers-of-the-skin, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/5-2-accessory-structures-of-the-skin, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/6-3-bone-structure, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/7-2-the-skull, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/7-3-the-vertebral-column, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/7-4-the-thoracic-cage, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/8-1-the-pectoral-girdle, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/8-2-bones-of-the-upper-limb, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/8-3-the-pelvic-girdle-and-pelvis, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/8-4-bones-of-the-lower-limb, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/11-4-axial-muscles-of-the-abdominal-wall-and-thorax, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/11-5-muscles-of-the-pectoral-girdle-and-upper-limbs, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/11-6-appendicular-muscles-of-the-pelvic-girdle-and-lower-limbs, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/12-1-basic-structure-and-function-of-the-nervous-system, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/13-2-the-central-nervous-system, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/17-3-the-pituitary-gland-and-hypothalamus, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/17-4-the-thyroid-gland, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/17-6-the-adrenal-glands, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/17-7-the-pineal-gland, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/17-9-the-endocrine-pancreas, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/17-10-organs-with-secondary-endocrine-functions, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/19-1-heart-anatomy, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/21-1-anatomy-of-the-lymphatic-and-immune-systems, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/22-1-organs-and-structures-of-the-respiratory-system, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/22-2-the-lungs, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/23-3-the-mouth-pharynx-and-esophagus, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/23-4-the-stomach, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/23-5-the-small-and-large-intestines, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/23-6-accessory-organs-in-digestion-the-liver-pancreas-and-gallbladder, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/25-2-gross-anatomy-of-urine-transport, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/25-3-gross-anatomy-of-the-kidney. The book was read for facts only. It is licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, so no sentence and no figure from it is reproduced here; every label, hint and note was written for this site. Licence: own work
The drawing: Drawn for this site on 2026-10-04 as original line drawings generated from code; nothing is traced or copied from another illustration. The standing figures are built on classical eight-head proportions. Proportions and the placing of parts were checked against plates of Henry Gray, Anatomy of the Human Body, 20th edition, 1918 (public domain): fig. 728 (lobes of the brain), fig. 498 (heart), fig. 940 (skin), fig. 1127 (kidney) and figs. 409, 410 and 1240 (surface muscles). Licence: own work
How it works
This anatomy and physiology quiz puts 15 drawings on one sheet, in the chapter order of a college text. Body regions, directional terms, planes and cavities come first. Then come the cell, skin, a long bone, the skeleton, muscles, brain, glands, heart, airways, digestive organs and kidney. Pick a chapter and its drawing fills the frame. Tap or click the ring for each part the question names.
Read the full guide
Start with one chapter
With 15 drawings on one sheet, each is small, and on a phone it is too small to tap well. The group buttons under the mode switch fix that. Press Ch. 1 Body regions, Ch. 19 Heart or any other and the frame zooms to that drawing, with only its parts in the round. Leave All 119 chosen for a mixed round of 20 parts from every chapter, which works as a basic anatomy and physiology quiz at the end of a unit and is easier on a wide screen.
Find it, Name it and Study
Find it shows a name, such as Femoral region (thigh), and you tap or click the numbered ring that marks it. Name it lights one ring and offers 4 choices; Type it opens a text box that takes the textbook name or the everyday one, so windpipe counts for trachea. Study writes every name on the drawing. A wrong answer shows the right one and counts as a miss. After a round, Practise the 3 you missed asks only those.
What chapter 1 covers
Textbooks number their chapters differently, so this page follows one free college text, OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology 2e. Its first chapter teaches the language of anatomy, and four drawings cover it in 33 parts: 16 body regions, 8 directional terms, 3 planes and 6 cavities. If you were set an anatomy and physiology quiz chapter 1, or your syllabus calls it a chapter 1 anatomy and physiology quiz, work through those four groups.
A front view faces you, so the body's right side is on the left of the drawing. The right atrium and the liver both sit on the left as you look.
Learn the directional terms in pairs: superior and inferior, anterior and posterior, medial and lateral, proximal and distal. On drawing B each arrow points away from its ring.
Regional names come back in later chapters. Brachial returns in biceps brachii, femoral in the femur, and the sural region is the calf, where the gastrocnemius lies.
This page prints all 15 drawings on one sheet, which comes out small. For anatomy labeling worksheets at full size, open a single drawing from the links under the quiz and print it there.
To use the page as an anatomy quiz with answers, keep Name it on 4 choices. Each part gets one answer, then the right name appears.
Questions and answers
Where do I find the parts of the body quiz answers?
In three places. Study writes every name on the drawing. During a round, the right name appears as soon as you answer. Print labelled puts all 119 names on paper against their numbers.
Is this anatomy and physiology quiz free to use?
Yes. There is no account and no sign-up, and every mode, every chapter and both printouts are open to everyone. Missed parts and an unfinished round are kept in the browser you used, and clearing your browser data removes them.
Will it work as an EMT anatomy and physiology quiz?
It can help with the naming part. If your course asks for directional terms, body cavities and the main organs, the Ch. 1, skeleton, heart and respiratory groups drill those names. The page was written for general study from a college textbook, not from any certification syllabus, and it has no connection with a certifying body. It covers names and locations only, not patient care.
Why does one drawing mark the diaphragm and another does not?
Each part is marked once on the whole sheet, because two rings with the same name could not both be right in a mixed round. The diaphragm is on the body cavities drawing, the pancreas on the digestive drawing and the adrenal glands on the endocrine drawing.
Where do the names and facts come from?
Every name, position and fact was checked on the date at the bottom of this page against 35 sections of OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology 2e. The wording is our own. The drawings are original work, with proportions checked against public-domain plates from the 1918 edition of Gray's Anatomy.