Mexico(independence year: 1821)Won independence from Spain in 1821. The war began in 1810.
Haiti(independence year: 1804)Won independence from France in 1804, the earliest on this map.
Guatemala(independence year: 1821)Declared independence from Spain in 1821, with its four neighbors.
Honduras(independence year: 1821)Declared independence from Spain in 1821. In the Central American federation from 1823.
Nicaragua(independence year: 1821)Declared independence from Spain in 1821. In the Central American federation from 1823.
El Salvador(independence year: 1821)Declared independence from Spain in 1821, with the other Central American provinces.
Costa Rica(independence year: 1821)Declared independence from Spain in 1821, the southernmost of the five.
South America 7
Brazil(independence year: 1822)Declared independence from Portugal on September 7, 1822.
Argentina(independence year: 1816)Declared independence from Spain on July 9, 1816.
Chile(independence year: 1818)Declared and won independence from Spain in 1818.
Colombia(independence year: 1819)Won independence from Spain in 1819. Its federation then held Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama.
Peru(independence year: 1821)Declared independence from Spain in July 1821.
Bolivia(independence year: 1825)Declared independence from Spain on August 6, 1825.
Paraguay(independence year: 1811)Declared independence from Spain in May 1811.
How this list was compiled: A country is asked only where two sources give the same year; each detail line says whether the year is a declaration or a victory. Years: United States Department of State, Office of the Historian, A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, https://history.state.gov/countries, read 2026-10-03, and the article on each country at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ followed by its name, read 2026-10-03. For Mexico, Chile and Brazil the second source is the Library of Congress country study of each (text at http://countrystudies.us/mexico/13.htm, http://countrystudies.us/chile/8.htm and http://countrystudies.us/brazil/11.htm, read 2026-10-03). For Nicaragua and Costa Rica the guide's own pages give no 1821: the year is on its El Salvador page (in 1821 El Salvador and the other Central American provinces declared their independence from Spain) and in the Library of Congress studies of El Salvador and Nicaragua (text at http://countrystudies.us/el-salvador/5.htm and http://countrystudies.us/nicaragua/7.htm, read 2026-10-03); the guide's Costa Rica page dates that country's own formal declaration, after the federation broke up, to 1848. Venezuela, Ecuador and Uruguay are drawn and not asked, because these sources give more than one year for each. Positions in the hints were read off the drawing. Names, rings and accepted spellings are Natural Earth's. Licence: own work
The drawing: Drawn for this site from Natural Earth 5.1.2, ne_50m_admin_0_countries_lakes (scale 1:50,000,000), https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/v5.1.2/geojson/ne_50m_admin_0_countries_lakes.geojson, downloaded 2026-09-19. Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection centered on 12°N 85°W. Outlines simplified; small islands are left out. 7 places are too small to draw at this scale and shown as a dot. Licence: public domain (Natural Earth terms of use: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/)
How it works
This Latin American revolutions map quiz asks 14 countries on today's borders, from Mexico to Chile. Tap each one as it is named. Name it then asks the year the country declared or won independence, from 1804 to 1825.
Read the full guide
Two rounds, on today's borders
The first round asks Mexico, Haiti and the five Central American countries; those five declared independence from Spain together in 1821. The second asks seven countries of South America. The map shows today's borders: the Spanish viceroyalties, the Central American federation of 1823 and the Colombian federation later called Gran Colombia are not drawn.
Which year the quiz counts
Each year is one that two sources give. For Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru and Central America it is the year independence was declared; for Haiti, Mexico and Colombia the year it was won; Chile did both in 1818. A textbook may print another date, such as 1810 for Mexico or Chile.
Haiti is the earliest, in 1804, and the only one of the 14 that broke from France.
Brazil is the only one that broke from Portugal, in 1822.
Mexico, Peru and the five Central American countries share one year, 1821.
Questions and answers
Which countries does this Latin American revolutions quiz ask?
Fourteen: Mexico, Haiti, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia and Paraguay. Venezuela, Ecuador and Uruguay became independent in the same years of war; they are drawn and not asked.
Why are Venezuela, Ecuador and Uruguay not asked?
Their sources give more than one year. Venezuela and Ecuador won independence inside the Colombian federation and left it in 1830. Uruguay's dates run from 1811 to 1828. The quiz asks a year only where two sources agree.
Which Latin American country became independent first?
Haiti, which won independence from France in 1804. Paraguay declared independence from Spain in 1811 and Argentina in 1816.
Does the map show Gran Colombia or the viceroyalties?
No. It shows today's countries, because the public-domain map file this site draws from holds only today's borders. Colombia's shape stands for the country that won independence in 1819, whose federation also held Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama.